Demonstrative

Definition

Demonstratives express the same categories of gender and proximity in addition to definiteness. Demonstratives have plural forms and diminutives. All demonstratives can stand alone as adjuncts with the functions of demonstrative pronouns, third-person pronouns, and locatives. (Suttles, 2003, p. 467) The Skwxwu7mesh demonstratives mark case (direct vs. oblique), gender (feminine vs. gender-neutral), number (singular, number-neutral vs. plural) and deixis (neutral, proximal, medial vs. distal). (Jacobs, 2011, p. 89)

Examples

	Non-Feminine (M)	Feminine (F)	Plural (Pl)
present and visible (p)	tθéʔ ‘that, he, him, it, there’	θéʔ  ‘that, she, her’	yəθéʔ, yəθéləy̓ ‘those, they, them’
nearby and invisible (n)	kʷθéʔ ‘that, he, him, it, there’	kʷłéʔ  ‘that, she, her’	kʷθéləy̓  ‘those, they, them’
remote or hypothetical (r)	k̓ʷí ‘that, there’