- Scope Ambiguity
- Second-Position Predicate Particle
- Secondary Stress
- Segmentation
- Semantics
- Sense
- Sentence
- Shortening
- Sibilant
- Sister
- Soft Palate
- [Sonorant]
- Sonorant
- Sonority
- Sonority Hierarchy
- Soundwaves
- Speaker
- Spectrogram
- [Spread Glottis]
- Stem
- Stem Allomorphy
- Stress
- Stress Shift
- [Strident]
- Structural Ambiguity
- Structural Relations
- Subcategorization
- Subcategorization Frame
- Subglottal Vocal Tract
- Sublaryngeal Vocal Tract
- Subordinate Clause
- Subsidiary Place Distinctions
- Subtractive Morphology
- Suffix
- Suppletion
- Suppletive Allomorph
- Supra-laryngeal Vocal Tract
- Suprasegmental
- Syllable
- Syllable Onset
- Syllable Rhyme
- Syllable Structure
- Syllable and Stress-Timed Languages
- Syllable Weight
- [Syllabic]
- Syntax